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St. Salvadore (Bahia), Brazil Departures
1873
Bark Express 27 May
St. Salvadore (also spelt St. Salvador) (Brazil) St. Salvadore (Bahia) was the most important city of the Portuguese colony of Brazil until the 1820's when the success of the coffee industry in Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paolo created a shift in economic and political power towards these other centres. The Portuguese Court was resident in Brazil from 1808-1821. When the ship Surry 1822 visited St. Salvadore the colony was on the edge of major political change - though this is not evident in Lachlan Macquarie's 1822 journal. The Portuguese Court had been resident in Brazil 1808-1821. However, within months of the Macquaries departure, Brazil had declared its independence from Portugal (7 September 1822), and the Portuguese garrisons found themselves cut off by sea. Nearly all armed forces were persuaded to evacuate peacefully, and after complex international negotiations Brazil was recognised as a separate empire. The King of Portugal declared the independence of the Brazilian empire, by treaty, on 29 August 1825. Resistance was strongest in the region surrounding St. Salvadore and it did not gain its independence until 1823. The main product of St. Salvadore was sugarcane, cultivated in the fertile soil of the Reconcavo, ( literally "bay shore,") the region surrounding the Bay of All Saints. Heavy, black, fertile soil called Massape covers the surrounding landscape Cotton, tobacco, and manioc (cassava) were also grown. The declining importance of its exports contributed to St. Salvadore (Bahia) becoming a second-class province in the period after 1823 until the end of the empire in 1889.
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